Dengue fever, a viral infection historically confined to tropical and subtropical regions, is increasingly being reported across Europe. This concerning trend raises critical questions about the complex relationship between climate change, globalisation, and public health. At Kersia Healthcare, we recognise the importance of staying informed about emerging health threats and providing actionable advice to safeguard our communities. One such threat is the increasing prevalence of dengue fever in Europe, a trend driven by a combination of factors. Let’s explore the factors driving this expansion and examine effective strategies for prevention.
Why is Dengue on the Rise in Europe?
The spread of dengue in Europe is a complex issue, stemming from several interconnected elements.
Climate Change and its Impact
Primarily, rising global temperatures due to climate change are creating increasingly favourable conditions for Aedes mosquitoes, the primary vectors of dengue. As highlighted in a 2024 review by the BMJ, warmer climates enhance mosquito survival, breeding, and the virus’s replication rate within the mosquito. This results in an expanded geographic range for these disease-carrying insects, reaching previously unaffected areas.
The Role of Urbanisation and Globalisation
Furthermore, rapid urbanisation leads to crowded cities with potential sanitation challenges, offering perfect breeding sites for mosquitoes. Increased international travel and trade help the movement of infected individuals and mosquitoes across borders, as discussed in a study by BMJ Global Health, accelerating the spread of vector-borne diseases.
Adaptable Mosquitoes
The adaptable Aedes albopictus, or Asian tiger mosquito, thrives in temperate European climates, with its ability to survive cooler temperatures, as documented by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, leading to established populations across Europe and significantly increasing the risk of dengue transmission.
Challenges for Public Health
Finally, the emergence of dengue in Europe presents significant challenges for public health systems, which may not be fully prepared for outbreaks of traditionally tropical diseases. The World Health Organisation (WHO) emphasises the need for enhanced surveillance, vector control, and public awareness. These measures are crucial in combating the spread of dengue fever in Europe and protecting vulnerable populations
Protecting Yourself and Your Community
At Kersia Healthcare, we advocate for active measures to minimise the risk of dengue.
Prevent Mosquito Bites
To minimise the risk of being bitten, it is important to take several precautions. Wearing protective clothing, such as long-sleeved shirts, long trousers, socks, and shoes, especially during peak mosquito activity, significantly reduces exposed skin. The application of insect repellents containing DEET, picaridin, oil of lemon eucalyptus, or IR3535 that are effective and safe for use is highly recommended. In areas with high mosquito populations, or when sleeping outdoors, the use of mosquito nets provides an essential barrier. Ensuring that window and door screens are properly installed and maintained further prevents mosquitoes from entering living spaces.
Avoid Mosquito Breeding Sites
Eliminating potential breeding sites for mosquitoes is crucial in controlling their population. This involves removing standing water by emptying and cleaning containers that collect water, such as flower pots, buckets, and birdbaths. Water storage containers should be covered tightly, and water in pet dishes, fountains, and outdoor bowls should be changed weekly. Keeping gutters clear of debris prevents stagnant water build-up, which can attract mosquitoes.
Stay Informed About Dengue Risks
Staying informed about dengue risks is vital for personal and community safety. Regularly monitoring local health advisories, especially when travelling to or living in high-risk areas, allows individuals to stay updated on potential outbreaks and take necessary precautions. If you experience dengue symptoms, such as fever, headache, muscle pain, or rash, seeking medical attention promptly is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment.
Consider Mosquito Control at Home
Implementing mosquito control measures at home can significantly reduce the risk of infestation. Consider using indoor insecticides, such as sprays, coils, or plug-in repellents, to control indoor mosquito populations. Encouraging natural mosquito predators, such as fish in ponds, can help control larvae populations.
The spread of dengue in Europe is a complex issue requiring a comprehensive approach. At Kersia Healthcare, we believe that informed action, including personal protection and environmental management, is crucial in reducing this growing threat. By staying vigilant and implementing preventive measures, we can safeguard our communities. For the latest updates and health insights, follow our socials!
